Step-by-step derivation
S001 · implies
Before
domain=R; coefficient lists are in ascending powers
After
constant term first; rational pairs=[numerator,denominator]
Conditions: none
Fix coefficient order;do not read ascending coefficients as descending or swap numerator and denominator.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: polynomial_representation · Uses: G001
S002 · implies
Before
f coefficients ascending=[1, 2]
After
seek F₀ with constant coefficient0 and F₀′=f
Conditions: none
Antiderivatives are not generally unique; this task additionally fixes the constant coefficient at0.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: canonical_primitive_domain · Uses: G001, S001
S003 · calculation
Before
primitive coefficient at degree1 := div(1, 1)
After
primitive coefficient at degree1 = 1
Conditions: none
Since (x^(k+1))′=(k+1)x^k,divide the coefficient by the positive nonzero integer k+1.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S002
S004 · calculation
Before
differentiate back coefficient0 := mul(1, 1)
After
differentiate back coefficient0 = 1
Conditions: none
Differentiation multiplies back by k+1 and must recover the original coefficient.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S003
S005 · calculation
Before
primitive coefficient at degree2 := div(2, 2)
After
primitive coefficient at degree2 = 1
Conditions: none
Since (x^(k+1))′=(k+1)x^k,divide the coefficient by the positive nonzero integer k+1.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S004
S006 · calculation
Before
differentiate back coefficient1 := mul(1, 2)
After
differentiate back coefficient1 = 2
Conditions: none
Differentiation multiplies back by k+1 and must recover the original coefficient.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S005
S007 · implies
Before
[0, 1, 1]
After
all derivative coefficients agree with f
Conditions: none
Coefficient agreement proves the polynomial identity on all reals,not merely equality at a few points.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: global_polynomial_identity · Uses: G001, S006
S008 · calculation
Before
constant coefficient+C := sum(0, 0)
After
constant coefficient+C = 0
Conditions: none
Change only the constant coefficient;the derivative remains the same f.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S007
S009 · calculation
Before
F(x) multiply at degree2 := mul(0, 0)
After
F(x) multiply at degree2 = 0
Conditions: none
In Horner order, multiply by the same evaluation point first.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S008
S010 · calculation
Before
F(x) add coefficient2 := sum(0, 1)
After
F(x) add coefficient2 = 1
Conditions: none
Then add the exact rational coefficient for this degree.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S009
S011 · calculation
Before
F(x) multiply at degree1 := mul(1, 0)
After
F(x) multiply at degree1 = 0
Conditions: none
In Horner order, multiply by the same evaluation point first.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S010
S012 · calculation
Before
F(x) add coefficient1 := sum(0, 1)
After
F(x) add coefficient1 = 1
Conditions: none
Then add the exact rational coefficient for this degree.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S011
S013 · calculation
Before
F(x) multiply at degree0 := mul(1, 0)
After
F(x) multiply at degree0 = 0
Conditions: none
In Horner order, multiply by the same evaluation point first.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S012
S014 · calculation
Before
F(x) add coefficient0 := sum(0, 0)
After
F(x) add coefficient0 = 0
Conditions: none
Then add the exact rational coefficient for this degree.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S013
S015 · implies
Before
x=0; additive constant=0
After
F(x)=0/1
Conditions: none
Use a reduced positive-denominator fraction,retaining /1 even for integers.
Step identifiers and dependencies
Rule: primitive_value_format · Uses: G001, S014