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Question 3663: Second Derivative of a Polynomial at a Point

On this page
  1. Original question and givens
  2. Definition and scope
  3. Step-by-step derivation
  4. Reverse checks
  5. Result
  6. This question review and source binding

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R0006-03663 · q-20261007-advance-20261009-r04-derivative-rules-0013

Original question and givens

On all R, f has ascending coefficients [0, 1, 13, -1], constant term first. Find f″(0). Use reduced positive-denominator fractions, retaining /1 for integers.

  • G001 — On all R, f has ascending coefficients [0, 1, 13, -1], constant term first. Find f″(0). Use reduced positive-denominator fractions, retaining /1 for integers.

Definition and scope

Use the original question domain, assumptions and cited MKO definitions. This item has second-context mathematical and bilingual review, with the model, answer and every arithmetic step independently recomputed from the original parameters; the source question remains a candidate.

Step-by-step derivation

S001 · implies

Before

f ascending coefficients=[0, 1, 13, -1]

After

real polynomials are differentiable;use coefficient identities

Conditions: none

Coefficient k multiplies x^k;real polynomials differentiate termwise and constants have derivative0.Coefficient identities and a candidate comparison at one point are different claims.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: polynomial_derivative_premise · Uses: G001

S002 · calculation

Before

f′ coefficient at degree0 := mul(1, 1)

After

f′ coefficient at degree0 = 1

Conditions: none

Multiply by the original degree and lower it by1;the constant term differentiates to0.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S001

S003 · calculation

Before

f′ coefficient at degree1 := mul(2, 13)

After

f′ coefficient at degree1 = 26

Conditions: none

Multiply by the original degree and lower it by1;the constant term differentiates to0.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S002

S004 · calculation

Before

f′ coefficient at degree2 := mul(3, -1)

After

f′ coefficient at degree2 = -3

Conditions: none

Multiply by the original degree and lower it by1;the constant term differentiates to0.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S003

S005 · calculation

Before

f″ coefficient at degree0 := mul(1, 26)

After

f″ coefficient at degree0 = 26

Conditions: none

Multiply by the original degree and lower it by1;the constant term differentiates to0.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S004

S006 · calculation

Before

f″ coefficient at degree1 := mul(2, -3)

After

f″ coefficient at degree1 = -6

Conditions: none

Multiply by the original degree and lower it by1;the constant term differentiates to0.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S005

S007 · implies

Before

f″(x) ascending coefficients=[26, -6]

After

evaluate at x=0

Conditions: none

Evaluate ascending coefficients by Horner from the highest nonzero term down;ignoring redundant top zero terms changes neither the function nor the retained original list.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: polynomial_evaluation_order · Uses: G001, S006

S008 · calculation

Before

f″(x) Horner multiply before degree0 := mul(-6, 0)

After

f″(x) Horner multiply before degree0 = 0

Conditions: none

Multiply by the same evaluation point first.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S007

S009 · calculation

Before

f″(x) Horner add degree0 := sum(0, 26)

After

f″(x) Horner add degree0 = 26

Conditions: none

Then add the full coefficient at this position.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S008

S010 · implies

Before

first coefficients=[1, 26, -3];second=[26, -6]

After

f″(0)=26

Conditions: none

Differentiate twice using each current degree;constants and linear polynomials have second derivative0.Do not square the first derivative.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: successive_polynomial_derivatives · Uses: G001, S009

Reverse checks

  • S010 · premise_and_result_audit — Check against the original data and this step's premises; a one-way implication is not an equivalence.
  • S009 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute f″(x) Horner add degree0 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S008 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute f″(x) Horner multiply before degree0 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S007 · premise_and_result_audit — Check against the original data and this step's premises; a one-way implication is not an equivalence.
  • S006 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute f″ coefficient at degree1 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S005 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute f″ coefficient at degree0 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S004 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute f′ coefficient at degree2 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S003 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute f′ coefficient at degree1 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S002 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute f′ coefficient at degree0 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S001 · premise_and_result_audit — Check against the original data and this step's premises; a one-way implication is not an equivalence.

Result

26/1

The full substitutions and premise checks give the original answer; source identity,format and status are unchanged.

This question review and source binding

Review date: 2026-10-26

Original questions, answers, step expressions, numeric ASTs and historical records are retained. Source candidate labels remain historical and are not overwritten as formal proof.

Source hashes and review receipts
  • input commit: 0f7be61e2c22317a4075561dc822c87d881a50db
  • original question SHA-256: 887262e57720045c9fe0f0faed6b9033212e83caf3e5e592b4825c1b475583c5
  • candidate record SHA-256: fa70cf81afb8e3da7391e374de4f56ff528f0f07e42b7b7bfa26351de4310e40
  • semantic review receipt SHA-256: 568eefd71709ac3dc16a0d5b3b4ad3e83376a8ef300c9e5493eee0721500b29d
  • question-first witness SHA-256: d964b91bedb9d4918bbc055f567762a09f5a58af6c876268e719d5100332d855
  • Lean: NOT_RUN · human review: NOT_PERFORMED
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