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Question 4507: Every Centered Variance Contribution

On this page
  1. Original question and givens
  2. Definition and scope
  3. Step-by-step derivation
  4. Reverse checks
  5. Result
  6. This question review and source binding

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R0008-04507 · q-20261008-advance-20261010-r06-variance-0007

Original question and givens

S={0,…,2}, F=P(S), masses=[7, 2, 1], D=10, and w_i=mass_i/D. Masses are nonnegative and sum exactly to D; uniform weights are not assumed. X=[-6, 2, 7] in index order. First take μ=E[X]; list w_i(X_i−μ)² in index order, without omitting zeros. Use exact reduced fractions with positive denominators, retaining /1 for integers.

  • G001 — S={0,…,2}, F=P(S), masses=[7, 2, 1], D=10, and w_i=mass_i/D. Masses are nonnegative and sum exactly to D; uniform weights are not assumed. X=[-6, 2, 7] in index order. First take μ=E[X]; list w_i(X_i−μ)² in index order, without omitting zeros. Use exact reduced fractions with positive denominators, retaining /1 for integers.

Definition and scope

Use the original question domain, assumptions and cited MKO definitions. This item has second-context mathematical and bilingual review, with the model, answer and every arithmetic step independently recomputed from the original parameters; the source question remains a candidate.

Step-by-step derivation

S001 · calculation

Before

total mass numerator := sum(7, 2, 1)

After

total mass numerator = 10

Conditions: none

Nonnegative masses must sum to D to give total probability1.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001

S002 · calculation

Before

probability weight0 := div(7, 10)

After

probability weight0 = 7/10

Conditions: none

Divide the indexed mass by the common positive denominator D.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S001

S003 · calculation

Before

probability weight1 := div(2, 10)

After

probability weight1 = 1/5

Conditions: none

Divide the indexed mass by the common positive denominator D.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S002

S004 · calculation

Before

probability weight2 := div(1, 10)

After

probability weight2 = 1/10

Conditions: none

Divide the indexed mass by the common positive denominator D.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S003

S005 · implies

Before

values=[-6, 2, 7];weights=[7/10, 1/5, 1/10]

After

known finite probability law,not a sampled estimate

Conditions: none

This is the complete normalized probability law,so variance uses its probability weights,not an n−1 sample estimate.Retain original indices of zero-mass outcomes.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: probability_variance_scope · Uses: G001, S004

S006 · calculation

Before

target variable weighted value0 := mul(7/10, -6)

After

target variable weighted value0 = -21/5

Conditions: none

Multiply aligned probabilities and values,retaining negative values and zero weights exactly.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S005

S007 · calculation

Before

target variable weighted value1 := mul(1/5, 2)

After

target variable weighted value1 = 2/5

Conditions: none

Multiply aligned probabilities and values,retaining negative values and zero weights exactly.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S006

S008 · calculation

Before

target variable weighted value2 := mul(1/10, 7)

After

target variable weighted value2 = 7/10

Conditions: none

Multiply aligned probabilities and values,retaining negative values and zero weights exactly.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S007

S009 · calculation

Before

target variable mean := sum(-21/5, 2/5, 7/10)

After

target variable mean = -31/10

Conditions: none

Add every weighted term to obtain the exact mean.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S008

S010 · calculation

Before

centered difference0 := sub(-6, -31/10)

After

centered difference0 = -29/10

Conditions: none

Subtract this variable's own exact mean.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S009

S011 · calculation

Before

centered square0 := square(-29/10)

After

centered square0 = 841/100

Conditions: none

The squared deviation is nonnegative;do not use a signed deviation itself as a variance term.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S010

S012 · calculation

Before

centered contribution0 := mul(7/10, 841/100)

After

centered contribution0 = 5887/1000

Conditions: none

Multiply by the aligned probability;a zero weight contributes0 even for a large deviation.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S011

S013 · calculation

Before

centered difference1 := sub(2, -31/10)

After

centered difference1 = 51/10

Conditions: none

Subtract this variable's own exact mean.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S012

S014 · calculation

Before

centered square1 := square(51/10)

After

centered square1 = 2601/100

Conditions: none

The squared deviation is nonnegative;do not use a signed deviation itself as a variance term.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S013

S015 · calculation

Before

centered contribution1 := mul(1/5, 2601/100)

After

centered contribution1 = 2601/500

Conditions: none

Multiply by the aligned probability;a zero weight contributes0 even for a large deviation.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S014

S016 · calculation

Before

centered difference2 := sub(7, -31/10)

After

centered difference2 = 101/10

Conditions: none

Subtract this variable's own exact mean.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S015

S017 · calculation

Before

centered square2 := square(101/10)

After

centered square2 = 10201/100

Conditions: none

The squared deviation is nonnegative;do not use a signed deviation itself as a variance term.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S016

S018 · calculation

Before

centered contribution2 := mul(1/10, 10201/100)

After

centered contribution2 = 10201/1000

Conditions: none

Multiply by the aligned probability;a zero weight contributes0 even for a large deviation.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S017

S019 · implies

Before

[5887/1000, 2601/500, 10201/1000]

After

all indexed centered-square contributions retained

Conditions: none

Retain one term for every outcome,including zeros.These are quantities of the complete probability law,not sample estimates.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: complete_centered_variance_terms · Uses: G001, S018

Reverse checks

  • S019 · premise_and_result_audit — Check against the original data and this step's premises; a one-way implication is not an equivalence.
  • S018 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute centered contribution2 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S017 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute centered square2 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S016 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute centered difference2 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S015 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute centered contribution1 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S014 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute centered square1 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S013 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute centered difference1 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S012 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute centered contribution0 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S011 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute centered square0 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S010 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute centered difference0 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S009 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute target variable mean with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S008 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute target variable weighted value2 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S007 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute target variable weighted value1 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S006 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute target variable weighted value0 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S005 · premise_and_result_audit — Check against the original data and this step's premises; a one-way implication is not an equivalence.
  • S004 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute probability weight2 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S003 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute probability weight1 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S002 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute probability weight0 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S001 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute total mass numerator with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.

Result

[5887/1000, 2601/500, 10201/1000]

The full substitutions and premise checks give the original answer; source identity,format and status are unchanged.

This question review and source binding

Review date: 2026-10-26

Original questions, answers, step expressions, numeric ASTs and historical records are retained. Source candidate labels remain historical and are not overwritten as formal proof.

Source hashes and review receipts
  • input commit: 0f7be61e2c22317a4075561dc822c87d881a50db
  • original question SHA-256: afa4a33a46268eb70f86cdeafd7836354c99f07d36831203791f96374216705c
  • candidate record SHA-256: 1532c4a49719bd136f7b48fec5c2b6da849737d6fb9150b4cfde9384d05de73c
  • semantic review receipt SHA-256: b6e05a3e8193a93db505dbf337528fca72e2e41528b1e92b698a3f0683d74289
  • question-first witness SHA-256: caa8693baf0b91acd09a20215d1aa6954ae513fc0b0814f26ac1c8c834b60d67
  • Lean: NOT_RUN · human review: NOT_PERFORMED
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