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Question 23019: A First Derivative May Exist Where the Second Does Not

On this page
  1. Original question and givens
  2. Definition and scope
  3. Step-by-step derivation
  4. Reverse checks
  5. Result
  6. This question review and source binding

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R0045-23019 · q-20261014-advance-20261111-r02-higher-order-derivative-0094

Original question and givens

Use nonzero scale=19 and the whole real function f(x)=scale*x*abs(x), at x=0. Give (scale, function_description, point, first_derivative_exists, first_derivative_value, second_derivative_exists, boundary).

  • G001 — Use nonzero scale=19 and the whole real function f(x)=scale*x*abs(x), at x=0. Give (scale, function_description, point, first_derivative_exists, first_derivative_value, second_derivative_exists, boundary).

Definition and scope

Use the original question domain, assumptions and cited MKO definitions. This item has second-context mathematical and bilingual review, with the model, answer and every arithmetic step independently recomputed from the original parameters; the source question remains a candidate.

Step-by-step derivation

S001 · implies

Before

source operation=higher-missing-next-order-boundary;original snapshot and mathematics retained

After

explicit ordered source output fields=[scale, function_description, point, first_derivative_exists, first_derivative_value, second_derivative_exists, boundary]

Conditions: none

Retain the historical interface marker while listing source fields without JavaScript.Tags and No retain their claim scope;source-protocol ordering is not a mathematical proof.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: source_ordered_interface_explicit_without_javascript · Uses: G001

S002 · implies

Before

ORIGINAL nonzero scale=19;WHOLE f(x)=scale*x*abs(x),f(0)=0

After

for h!=0,(f(h)-f(0))/h=scale*abs(h) tends0;first derivative at0 exists and equals0

Conditions: none

Use the difference quotient for all h approaching0,not finite samples;both signs are bounded by the same vanishing absolute value.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: higher_first_derivative_at_zero_from_difference_quotient · Uses: G001, S001

S003 · implies

Before

ORIGINAL f(x)=(19)x*abs(x);for x!=0,f_prime(x)=2*(19)*abs(x);f_prime(0)=0

After

next difference quotient at0 has right limit=38,left limit=-38;nonzero scale makes them unequal,so second derivative at0 does NOT exist

Conditions: none

After establishing the first derivative,check its two one-sided difference quotients.First-order existence guarantees neither the next derivative nor analyticity or Taylor-series convergence.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: higher_second_derivative_opposite_one_sided_limits · Uses: G001, S002

Reverse checks

  • S003 · premise_and_result_audit — Check against the original data and this step's premises; a one-way implication is not an equivalence.
  • S002 · premise_and_result_audit — Check against the original data and this step's premises; a one-way implication is not an equivalence.
  • S001 · premise_and_result_audit — Check against the original data and this step's premises; a one-way implication is not an equivalence.

Result

(19, f(x)=scale*x*abs(x), 0, Yes, 0, No, first_derivative_exists_at_zero_but_second_derivative_has_opposite_one_sided_limits)

The full substitutions and premise checks give the original answer; source identity,format and status are unchanged.

This question review and source binding

Review date: 2026-10-26

Original questions, answers, step expressions, numeric ASTs and historical records are retained. Source candidate labels remain historical and are not overwritten as formal proof.

Source hashes and review receipts
  • input commit: 0f7be61e2c22317a4075561dc822c87d881a50db
  • original question SHA-256: 3549da2be2562ca5c1cba3c232a4ecf983b8e5615a8dcbb4451205631260da83
  • candidate record SHA-256: 624893394f53ddd99e307eb21340ae5ec44a968843e7621e2d7e3fdecee97f51
  • semantic review receipt SHA-256: 357d7ad7a6726b2a757558d3b9586a408ade06526cc023da093719c292704438
  • question-first witness SHA-256: 99cefe17e98c7a74321801cf72df6d02fc95b6a6b78aa335accb7e11ed467b2a
  • Lean: NOT_RUN · human review: NOT_PERFORMED
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