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Question 33687: The Nonzero Multiplicative Group Gives a p−1 Power Identity

On this page
  1. Original question and givens
  2. Definition and scope
  3. Step-by-step derivation
  4. Reverse checks
  5. Result
  6. This question review and source binding

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R0066-33687 · q-20261014-advance-20261031-r06-finite-field-0037

Original question and givens

Use the complete prime field Z_37, with prime p=37, residue labels 0 through p−1, and addition/multiplication modulo p. Nonzero inputs alone may be inverted; division by zero is never allowed. This prime-field family does not assert that every finite field has prime order or that every finite ring is a field. Nonzero element=12. Give (element,powers,last,is_one?,nonzero_multiplicative_group_cycle), listing exponents 1 through p−1.

  • G001 — Use the complete prime field Z_37, with prime p=37, residue labels 0 through p−1, and addition/multiplication modulo p. Nonzero inputs alone may be inverted; division by zero is never allowed. This prime-field family does not assert that every finite field has prime order or that every finite ring is a field. Nonzero element=12. Give (element,powers,last,is_one?,nonzero_multiplicative_group_cycle), listing exponents 1 through p−1.

Definition and scope

Use the original question domain, assumptions and cited MKO definitions. This item has second-context mathematical and bilingual review, with the model, answer and every arithmetic step independently recomputed from the original parameters; the source question remains a candidate.

Step-by-step derivation

S001 · implies

Before

source roles = [qf-mod31-fielddeep-power-cycle, [domain, element, operation, p]]

After

derived = [fielddeep-power-cycle, Exact_prime_field_Zp]

Conditions: none

THIS source uses LOCAL-hyphen operations with exact keys/domain.Keep source field order and numeric/Boolean/string roles;integer rational texts omit/1.Original questions,English,MKOs,ASTs and statuses remain unchanged.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: R66_EXACT_source_bank_keys_local_operation_domain · Uses: G001

S002 · implies

Before

source roles = [37, [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]]

After

derived = [[1, 1, 1, 2, 1], Yes]

Conditions: none

Trial EVERY divisor2 through floor(sqrt(p));a composite would have a factor there.The empty test for p=2 is valid.This qualifies THIS prime field Z_p,not every finite field’s order or every finite ring as a field.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Field_PRIME_complete_trial_divisor_qualification · Uses: G001, S001

S003 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=1 := mul(1, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=1 = 12

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S002

S004 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent1, 12, 37]

After

derived = [0, 12]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S003

S005 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=2 := mul(12, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=2 = 144

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S004

S006 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent2, 144, 37]

After

derived = [3, 33]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S005

S007 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=3 := mul(33, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=3 = 396

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S006

S008 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent3, 396, 37]

After

derived = [10, 26]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S007

S009 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=4 := mul(26, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=4 = 312

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S008

S010 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent4, 312, 37]

After

derived = [8, 16]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S009

S011 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=5 := mul(16, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=5 = 192

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S010

S012 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent5, 192, 37]

After

derived = [5, 7]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S011

S013 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=6 := mul(7, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=6 = 84

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S012

S014 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent6, 84, 37]

After

derived = [2, 10]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S013

S015 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=7 := mul(10, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=7 = 120

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S014

S016 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent7, 120, 37]

After

derived = [3, 9]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S015

S017 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=8 := mul(9, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=8 = 108

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S016

S018 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent8, 108, 37]

After

derived = [2, 34]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S017

S019 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=9 := mul(34, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=9 = 408

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S018

S020 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent9, 408, 37]

After

derived = [11, 1]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S019

S021 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=10 := mul(1, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=10 = 12

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S020

S022 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent10, 12, 37]

After

derived = [0, 12]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S021

S023 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=11 := mul(12, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=11 = 144

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S022

S024 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent11, 144, 37]

After

derived = [3, 33]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S023

S025 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=12 := mul(33, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=12 = 396

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S024

S026 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent12, 396, 37]

After

derived = [10, 26]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S025

S027 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=13 := mul(26, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=13 = 312

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S026

S028 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent13, 312, 37]

After

derived = [8, 16]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S027

S029 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=14 := mul(16, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=14 = 192

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S028

S030 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent14, 192, 37]

After

derived = [5, 7]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S029

S031 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=15 := mul(7, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=15 = 84

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S030

S032 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent15, 84, 37]

After

derived = [2, 10]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S031

S033 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=16 := mul(10, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=16 = 120

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S032

S034 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent16, 120, 37]

After

derived = [3, 9]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S033

S035 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=17 := mul(9, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=17 = 108

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S034

S036 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent17, 108, 37]

After

derived = [2, 34]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S035

S037 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=18 := mul(34, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=18 = 408

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S036

S038 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent18, 408, 37]

After

derived = [11, 1]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S037

S039 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=19 := mul(1, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=19 = 12

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S038

S040 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent19, 12, 37]

After

derived = [0, 12]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S039

S041 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=20 := mul(12, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=20 = 144

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S040

S042 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent20, 144, 37]

After

derived = [3, 33]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S041

S043 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=21 := mul(33, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=21 = 396

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S042

S044 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent21, 396, 37]

After

derived = [10, 26]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S043

S045 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=22 := mul(26, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=22 = 312

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S044

S046 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent22, 312, 37]

After

derived = [8, 16]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S045

S047 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=23 := mul(16, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=23 = 192

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S046

S048 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent23, 192, 37]

After

derived = [5, 7]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S047

S049 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=24 := mul(7, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=24 = 84

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S048

S050 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent24, 84, 37]

After

derived = [2, 10]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S049

S051 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=25 := mul(10, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=25 = 120

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S050

S052 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent25, 120, 37]

After

derived = [3, 9]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S051

S053 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=26 := mul(9, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=26 = 108

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S052

S054 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent26, 108, 37]

After

derived = [2, 34]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S053

S055 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=27 := mul(34, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=27 = 408

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S054

S056 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent27, 408, 37]

After

derived = [11, 1]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S055

S057 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=28 := mul(1, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=28 = 12

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S056

S058 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent28, 12, 37]

After

derived = [0, 12]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S057

S059 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=29 := mul(12, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=29 = 144

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S058

S060 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent29, 144, 37]

After

derived = [3, 33]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S059

S061 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=30 := mul(33, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=30 = 396

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S060

S062 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent30, 396, 37]

After

derived = [10, 26]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S061

S063 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=31 := mul(26, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=31 = 312

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S062

S064 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent31, 312, 37]

After

derived = [8, 16]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S063

S065 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=32 := mul(16, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=32 = 192

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S064

S066 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent32, 192, 37]

After

derived = [5, 7]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S065

S067 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=33 := mul(7, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=33 = 84

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S066

S068 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent33, 84, 37]

After

derived = [2, 10]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S067

S069 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=34 := mul(10, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=34 = 120

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S068

S070 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent34, 120, 37]

After

derived = [3, 9]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S069

S071 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=35 := mul(9, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=35 = 108

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S070

S072 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent35, 108, 37]

After

derived = [2, 34]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S071

S073 · calculation

Before

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=36 := mul(34, 12)

After

Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=36 = 408

Conditions: none

Calculate exactly from THIS step’s ORIGINAL ordered operands.Retain the SOURCE rational pre-reduction envelope separately;do not use floating values or silently widen a different bank.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: exact_rational_arithmetic · Uses: G001, S072

S074 · implies

Before

source roles = [power exponent36, 408, 37]

After

derived = [11, 1]

Conditions: none

Use integer Euclidean division: value=n*quotient+remainder with0≤remainder<n.Normalize negative representatives too;do not use floating remainders.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Finite_MOD_euclidean_quotient_remainder · Uses: G001, S073

S075 · implies

Before

source roles = [37, 12, [12, 33, 26, 16, 7, 10, 9, 34, 1, 12, 33, 26, 16, 7, 10, 9, 34, 1, 12, 33, 26, 16, 7, 10, 9, 34, 1, 12, 33, 26, 16, 7, 10, 9, 34, 1]]

After

derived = [1, Yes]

Conditions: none

Retain EVERY exponent1..p−1 and the final1.The nonzero residues form the multiplicative group,but this identity does NOT claim least order p−1 or certify a primitive root.

Step identifiers and dependencies

Rule: Field_NONZERO_p_minus_1_power_identity_NOT_exact_order · Uses: G001, S074

Reverse checks

  • S075 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S074 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S073 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=36 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S072 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S071 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=35 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S070 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S069 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=34 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S068 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S067 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=33 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S066 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S065 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=32 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S064 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S063 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=31 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S062 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S061 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=30 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S060 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S059 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=29 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S058 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S057 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=28 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S056 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S055 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=27 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S054 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S053 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=26 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S052 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S051 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=25 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S050 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S049 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=24 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S048 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S047 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=23 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S046 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S045 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=22 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S044 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S043 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=21 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S042 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S041 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=20 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S040 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S039 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=19 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S038 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S037 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=18 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S036 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S035 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=17 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S034 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S033 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=16 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S032 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S031 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=15 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S030 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S029 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=14 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S028 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S027 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=13 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S026 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S025 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=12 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S024 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S023 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=11 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S022 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S021 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=10 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S020 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S019 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=9 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S018 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S017 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=8 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S016 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S015 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=7 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S014 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S013 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=6 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S012 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S011 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=5 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S010 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S009 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=4 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S008 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S007 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=3 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S006 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S005 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=2 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S004 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S003 · premise_and_result_audit — Recompute Field ORIGINAL previous power times element k=1 with exact rational arithmetic, not rounded decimals.
  • S002 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.
  • S001 · premise_and_result_audit — Reverse-audit THIS step against its ORIGINAL ordered roles and complete premises.Accept the conclusion only under these conditions;do not invert a one-way implication or call a finite check a general formal proof.

Result

(12, [12, 33, 26, 16, 7, 10, 9, 34, 1, 12, 33, 26, 16, 7, 10, 9, 34, 1, 12, 33, 26, 16, 7, 10, 9, 34, 1, 12, 33, 26, 16, 7, 10, 9, 34, 1], 1, Yes, nonzero_multiplicative_group_cycle)

The full substitutions and premise checks give the original answer; source identity,format and status are unchanged.

This question review and source binding

Review date: 2026-10-26

Original questions, answers, step expressions, numeric ASTs and historical records are retained. Source candidate labels remain historical and are not overwritten as formal proof.

Source hashes and review receipts
  • input commit: 0f7be61e2c22317a4075561dc822c87d881a50db
  • original question SHA-256: b46c83570440d45f12b527b2d739c181ff327e01f5b2c6f3de68de03b538704f
  • candidate record SHA-256: b9414321840c3024b44e20c09386569564d7c17bb0fc808d0cfd6053fb34344b
  • semantic review receipt SHA-256: 99b4f114b2ec93164b6aa5681e0107033a240e7a3f0a8988633ba65320ede267
  • question-first witness SHA-256: d9bd3a1940da8a73f790ee3fe460c9a8523791bdbe72c8e0304e3740b66710cc
  • Lean: NOT_RUN · human review: NOT_PERFORMED
Same-source full JSON