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第 23952 題:NFA到DFA的子集合構造

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  1. 原題與已知條件
  2. 定義與適用範圍
  3. 逐步推導
  4. 逐步反向核對
  5. 結論
  6. 本題覆核與來源綁定

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R0046-23952 · q-20261014-advance-20261112-r07-subset-construction-nfa-to-dfa-0077

原題與已知條件

epsilon-closed start、move後closure與accepting-subset交集規則。操作=subsetdfa-full-word-trace-invariant;資料={"states":["s1","m1","f1","e11","e21","d1"],"alphabet":["a1","b1"],"start_state":"s1","final_states":["f1"],"transitions":[["s1",null,"m1"],["s1",null,"d1"],["m1","a1","m1"],["m1","b1","f1"],["f1",null,"e11"],["e11",null,"e21"]],"input":["a1","b1"]}。請依 exact_ordered_tuple_declared_by_interface 欄序回答。

  • G001 — epsilon-closed start、move後closure與accepting-subset交集規則。操作=subsetdfa-full-word-trace-invariant;資料={"states":["s1","m1","f1","e11","e21","d1"],"alphabet":["a1","b1"],"start_state":"s1","final_states":["f1"],"transitions":[["s1",null,"m1"],["s1",null,"d1"],["m1","a1","m1"],["m1","b1","f1"],["f1",null,"e11"],["e11",null,"e21"]],"input":["a1","b1"]}。請依 exact_ordered_tuple_declared_by_interface 欄序回答。

定義與適用範圍

沿用原題明示的論域、假設與來源 MKO 定義。本題已完成第二對話數理與中英語義覆核,並由原始參數逐題獨立重算模型、答案與每個算術步驟;原題仍為 candidate。

逐步推導

S001 · implies

操作前

source operation=subsetdfa-full-word-trace-invariant;original snapshot and mathematics retained

操作後

explicit ordered source output fields=[input, DFA_prefix_subsets, direct_NFA_prefix_subsets, prefix_invariant, accepted, certificate, finite_tests_language_equivalence_claim, boundary]

條件:無

保留原題介面快照,本頁直接列來源欄序,不需JavaScript。radius由原mode選6/11欄,不補欄;No與實際否定依來源責任分清。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:source_ordered_interface_explicit_without_javascript · 依賴:G001

S002 · implies

操作前

ORIGINAL states=[s1, m1, f1, e11, e21, d1],alphabet=[a1, b1],start=s1;ORIGINAL transition order=[[s1, null, m1], [s1, null, d1], [m1, a1, m1], [m1, b1, f1], [f1, null, e11], [e11, null, e21]]

操作後

final set normalized UTF16=[f1];states nonempty,alphabet/finals/relation MAYEMPTY;DUPLICATE triples rejected in THIS model

條件:無

此題與前一NFA節點不同:transition triple須唯一,finals須排序。所有subset都是真carrier子集合;不偷用舊wrapper的duplicate/final-order慣例。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_qualified_NFA_signature_DUPLICATE_edges_REJECTED_here · 依賴:G001, S001

S003 · implies

操作前

Subset DFA ORIGINAL whole-word start:stage=0;seed set=[s1];previous set=[s1]

操作後

ALL [ORIGINAL edge index,from,to,enabled] EPS rows=[[0, s1, m1, 是], [1, s1, d1, 是], [4, f1, e11, 否], [5, e11, e21, 否]];next set=[d1, m1, s1];stable=否

條件:無

新增state都有前一層有限EPS路徑,任何含seed的EPS封閉集合都必含每層;有限states使飽和終止,得到完整且最小closure,不消耗input。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_ALL_EPS_fixedpoint_reachability_not_input_consumption · 依賴:G001, S002

S004 · implies

操作前

Subset DFA ORIGINAL whole-word start:stage=1;seed set=[s1];previous set=[d1, m1, s1]

操作後

ALL [ORIGINAL edge index,from,to,enabled] EPS rows=[[0, s1, m1, 是], [1, s1, d1, 是], [4, f1, e11, 否], [5, e11, e21, 否]];next set=[d1, m1, s1];stable=是

條件:無

新增state都有前一層有限EPS路徑,任何含seed的EPS封閉集合都必含每層;有限states使飽和終止,得到完整且最小closure,不消耗input。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_ALL_EPS_fixedpoint_reachability_not_input_consumption · 依賴:G001, S003

S005 · implies

操作前

Subset DFA ORIGINAL prefix step0:EXACT ORIGINAL supplied S=[d1, m1, s1];symbol=a1;ALL matching ORIGINAL edge rows=[[2, m1, m1]]

操作後

direct symbol targets=[m1];NO EPS preclosure inserted into S;now close ONLY these targets

條件:無

任意給定S未必已EPS-closed,先preclose會改本題運算;定義明示先move(S,a)再closure。empty move得到合法empty dead state。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_GIVEN_S_symbol_move_BEFORE_closure_NO_preclose · 依賴:G001, S004

S006 · implies

操作前

Subset DFA ORIGINAL prefix step0 post-symbol EPS closure:stage=0;seed set=[m1];previous set=[m1]

操作後

ALL [ORIGINAL edge index,from,to,enabled] EPS rows=[[0, s1, m1, 否], [1, s1, d1, 否], [4, f1, e11, 否], [5, e11, e21, 否]];next set=[m1];stable=是

條件:無

新增state都有前一層有限EPS路徑,任何含seed的EPS封閉集合都必含每層;有限states使飽和終止,得到完整且最小closure,不消耗input。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_ALL_EPS_fixedpoint_reachability_not_input_consumption · 依賴:G001, S005

S007 · implies

操作前

Subset DFA ORIGINAL prefix step1:EXACT ORIGINAL supplied S=[m1];symbol=b1;ALL matching ORIGINAL edge rows=[[3, m1, f1]]

操作後

direct symbol targets=[f1];NO EPS preclosure inserted into S;now close ONLY these targets

條件:無

任意給定S未必已EPS-closed,先preclose會改本題運算;定義明示先move(S,a)再closure。empty move得到合法empty dead state。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_GIVEN_S_symbol_move_BEFORE_closure_NO_preclose · 依賴:G001, S006

S008 · implies

操作前

Subset DFA ORIGINAL prefix step1 post-symbol EPS closure:stage=0;seed set=[f1];previous set=[f1]

操作後

ALL [ORIGINAL edge index,from,to,enabled] EPS rows=[[0, s1, m1, 否], [1, s1, d1, 否], [4, f1, e11, 是], [5, e11, e21, 否]];next set=[e11, f1];stable=否

條件:無

新增state都有前一層有限EPS路徑,任何含seed的EPS封閉集合都必含每層;有限states使飽和終止,得到完整且最小closure,不消耗input。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_ALL_EPS_fixedpoint_reachability_not_input_consumption · 依賴:G001, S007

S009 · implies

操作前

Subset DFA ORIGINAL prefix step1 post-symbol EPS closure:stage=1;seed set=[f1];previous set=[e11, f1]

操作後

ALL [ORIGINAL edge index,from,to,enabled] EPS rows=[[0, s1, m1, 否], [1, s1, d1, 否], [4, f1, e11, 是], [5, e11, e21, 是]];next set=[e11, e21, f1];stable=否

條件:無

新增state都有前一層有限EPS路徑,任何含seed的EPS封閉集合都必含每層;有限states使飽和終止,得到完整且最小closure,不消耗input。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_ALL_EPS_fixedpoint_reachability_not_input_consumption · 依賴:G001, S008

S010 · implies

操作前

Subset DFA ORIGINAL prefix step1 post-symbol EPS closure:stage=2;seed set=[f1];previous set=[e11, e21, f1]

操作後

ALL [ORIGINAL edge index,from,to,enabled] EPS rows=[[0, s1, m1, 否], [1, s1, d1, 否], [4, f1, e11, 是], [5, e11, e21, 是]];next set=[e11, e21, f1];stable=是

條件:無

新增state都有前一層有限EPS路徑,任何含seed的EPS封閉集合都必含每層;有限states使飽和終止,得到完整且最小closure,不消耗input。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_ALL_EPS_fixedpoint_reachability_not_input_consumption · 依賴:G001, S009

S011 · implies

操作前

ORIGINAL word=[a1, b1];direct NFA configuration stage=0;previous configs=[[s1, 0]]

操作後

ALL enabled [from,ORIGINAL edge index,next] rows=[[[s1, 0], 0, [m1, 0]], [[s1, 0], 1, [d1, 0]]];next configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0]];stable=否

條件:無

這條直接路徑在完整finite state×input-position圖上求所有reachable,不把一條chosen run當成全狀態,也不把DFA同一函式重跑冒充不同觀察。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_DIRECT_all_NFA_word_configurations_independent_fixedpoint · 依賴:G001, S010

S012 · implies

操作前

ORIGINAL word=[a1, b1];direct NFA configuration stage=1;previous configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0]]

操作後

ALL enabled [from,ORIGINAL edge index,next] rows=[[[s1, 0], 0, [m1, 0]], [[s1, 0], 1, [d1, 0]], [[m1, 0], 2, [m1, 1]]];next configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0], [m1, 1]];stable=否

條件:無

這條直接路徑在完整finite state×input-position圖上求所有reachable,不把一條chosen run當成全狀態,也不把DFA同一函式重跑冒充不同觀察。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_DIRECT_all_NFA_word_configurations_independent_fixedpoint · 依賴:G001, S011

S013 · implies

操作前

ORIGINAL word=[a1, b1];direct NFA configuration stage=2;previous configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0], [m1, 1]]

操作後

ALL enabled [from,ORIGINAL edge index,next] rows=[[[s1, 0], 0, [m1, 0]], [[s1, 0], 1, [d1, 0]], [[m1, 0], 2, [m1, 1]], [[m1, 1], 3, [f1, 2]]];next configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0], [m1, 1], [f1, 2]];stable=否

條件:無

這條直接路徑在完整finite state×input-position圖上求所有reachable,不把一條chosen run當成全狀態,也不把DFA同一函式重跑冒充不同觀察。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_DIRECT_all_NFA_word_configurations_independent_fixedpoint · 依賴:G001, S012

S014 · implies

操作前

ORIGINAL word=[a1, b1];direct NFA configuration stage=3;previous configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0], [m1, 1], [f1, 2]]

操作後

ALL enabled [from,ORIGINAL edge index,next] rows=[[[s1, 0], 0, [m1, 0]], [[s1, 0], 1, [d1, 0]], [[m1, 0], 2, [m1, 1]], [[m1, 1], 3, [f1, 2]], [[f1, 2], 4, [e11, 2]]];next configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0], [m1, 1], [f1, 2], [e11, 2]];stable=否

條件:無

這條直接路徑在完整finite state×input-position圖上求所有reachable,不把一條chosen run當成全狀態,也不把DFA同一函式重跑冒充不同觀察。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_DIRECT_all_NFA_word_configurations_independent_fixedpoint · 依賴:G001, S013

S015 · implies

操作前

ORIGINAL word=[a1, b1];direct NFA configuration stage=4;previous configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0], [m1, 1], [f1, 2], [e11, 2]]

操作後

ALL enabled [from,ORIGINAL edge index,next] rows=[[[s1, 0], 0, [m1, 0]], [[s1, 0], 1, [d1, 0]], [[m1, 0], 2, [m1, 1]], [[m1, 1], 3, [f1, 2]], [[f1, 2], 4, [e11, 2]], [[e11, 2], 5, [e21, 2]]];next configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0], [m1, 1], [f1, 2], [e11, 2], [e21, 2]];stable=否

條件:無

這條直接路徑在完整finite state×input-position圖上求所有reachable,不把一條chosen run當成全狀態,也不把DFA同一函式重跑冒充不同觀察。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_DIRECT_all_NFA_word_configurations_independent_fixedpoint · 依賴:G001, S014

S016 · implies

操作前

ORIGINAL word=[a1, b1];direct NFA configuration stage=5;previous configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0], [m1, 1], [f1, 2], [e11, 2], [e21, 2]]

操作後

ALL enabled [from,ORIGINAL edge index,next] rows=[[[s1, 0], 0, [m1, 0]], [[s1, 0], 1, [d1, 0]], [[m1, 0], 2, [m1, 1]], [[m1, 1], 3, [f1, 2]], [[f1, 2], 4, [e11, 2]], [[e11, 2], 5, [e21, 2]]];next configs=[[s1, 0], [m1, 0], [d1, 0], [m1, 1], [f1, 2], [e11, 2], [e21, 2]];stable=是

條件:無

這條直接路徑在完整finite state×input-position圖上求所有reachable,不把一條chosen run當成全狀態,也不把DFA同一函式重跑冒充不同觀察。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_DIRECT_all_NFA_word_configurations_independent_fixedpoint · 依賴:G001, S015

S017 · implies

操作前

ORIGINAL word=[a1, b1];ALL DFA prefix subsets=[[d1, m1, s1], [m1], [e11, e21, f1]];independent direct NFA prefix subsets=[[d1, m1, s1], [m1], [e11, e21, f1]]

操作後

prefix_invariant=是;accepted=是;base is EPS closure of start;for ANY prefix,append one symbol move then finite EPS suffix to obtain EXACTLY all next reachable states

條件:無

一般等價要對任意prefix歸納並證兩個包含:DFA步驟有NFA路徑見證;任一多讀一字的NFA路徑可切成前prefix、symbol邊、EPS後綴。再以與final交非空對應存在完整接受run。最後固定No只拒絕由有限word tests單獨宣稱一般等價,不否定本invariant、accepted或一般定理。

步驟識別與依賴

規則:subsetdfa_GENERAL_arbitrary_prefix_two_inclusions_acceptance_rule · 依賴:G001, S016

逐步反向核對

  • S017 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S016 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S015 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S014 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S013 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S012 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S011 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S010 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S009 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S008 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S007 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S006 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S005 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S004 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S003 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S002 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。
  • S001 · premise_and_result_audit — 回到原始資料與本步條件核對,不把單向推論誤稱等價。

結論

([a1, b1], [[d1, m1, s1], [m1], [e11, e21, f1]], [[d1, m1, s1], [m1], [e11, e21, f1]], 是, 是, each_DFA_prefix_subset_equals_all_epsilon_closed_NFA_states_reachable_after_that_prefix, 否, finite_word_tests_do_not_prove_language_equivalence_without_the_prefix_induction_invariant)

依上列完整代值及條件核對得到原題答案;原題編號、格式與狀態保持不變。

本題覆核與來源綁定

覆核日期:2026-10-26

原題、答案、步驟表達式、數值 AST 與既有歷史保持原樣;原來的候選狀態屬於來源歷史,不覆寫為形式化證明。

來源雜湊與覆核憑證
  • input commit: 0f7be61e2c22317a4075561dc822c87d881a50db
  • original question SHA-256: ec0ce6b3d08e60b082a8a82c3d37c624674b10fef4294e9c61229520f9099f7e
  • candidate record SHA-256: cbf98a96891908d551ff10634906bf582dac273052d926df8a89cf948c4069c5
  • semantic review receipt SHA-256: a7c0d888ade6d307703c4222c4137c78c0d2448babdcba2fa3446fe6fdd343c1
  • question-first witness SHA-256: c9571f97a37d503ad6a61034cc00108543a05c37ef246d1c4962f55136a3de02
  • Lean: NOT_RUN · human review: NOT_PERFORMED
同源完整 JSON